In which stage does cervical cancer involve lesions of the lower vagina and pelvic walls?

Cervical cancer staging is determined based on the extent of the disease and its local and distant spread. In stage 3 of cervical cancer, the disease progresses beyond the cervix to involve more extensive local structures. Specifically, this stage is characterized by the involvement of the lower vagina and pelvic walls, indicating a significant local spread.

At this point, the cancer has not yet metastasized to distant organs, which is why the designation for stage 4 is reserved for cases where there is evidence of such dissemination. Staging helps healthcare professionals determine the appropriate treatment plan and predict outcomes for the patient. Understanding these stages is crucial for effective management and care for patients diagnosed with cervical cancer.