What is the correct sequence of urine formation in the nephron?

The process of urine formation in the nephron follows a specific sequence, and the correct answer outlines this order accurately. First, the proximal tubule is responsible for the reabsorption of significant amounts of water, electrolytes, and nutrients from the filtrate. This segment plays a crucial role in processing the initial filtrate created by the glomerulus.

Next, the filtrate moves into the loop of Henle, which consists of descending and ascending limbs. This part of the nephron is essential for establishing a concentration gradient in the renal medulla, allowing for the reabsorption of water and sodium, ultimately concentrating the urine.

Finally, the filtrate proceeds to the collecting tubule. This segment is responsible for the final adjustments of urine composition, including absorption of water influenced by antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the regulation of potassium and hydrogen ions.

This correct sequence emphasizes the organized function and transitional progression of the nephron's tubular system in urine formation, demonstrating how each part contributes critically to creating and concentrating urine.