Which surgical procedure is referred to as the surgical removal of part or all of the stomach?

The surgical procedure that involves the removal of part or all of the stomach is known as gastrectomy. This procedure can be performed for various reasons such as stomach cancer, ulcers, chronic inflammation, or obesity. During a gastrectomy, the surgeon may remove a portion of the stomach (partial gastrectomy) or the entire stomach (total gastrectomy). The remaining digestive tract may then be reconnected to the esophagus or intestines, depending on the extent of the procedure.

Cholecystectomy refers specifically to the removal of the gallbladder, while laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique used for many procedures, including those that might be performed in conjunction with a gastrectomy. Hernia repair relates to correcting hernias, which is unrelated to the stomach's surgical removal. Understanding the specific terminology and indications for each procedure is crucial in the surgical field and helps clarify why gastrectomy is the correct answer for the given question.